The normal peripheral blood



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Low magnification

The normal peripheral blood is appears homogenous using a low magnification. Most cells are RBCs, it is easy to find WBCs, but you won't see them in every field.

Neutrophilic segmented granulocyte

This is the most frequent form of WBCs in a normal peripheral blood film. The cytoplasmatic granules are fine, have no distinct color, the nucleus is segmented into 3-5 parts. Frequency: 50-70%

Neutrophilic band

The nucleus of a neutrophilic band is long, narrow, band-like. Frequency: 2-8%

Neutrophilic juvenile granulocyte

The nucleus of a neutrophilic juvenile cell is bean-shaped. This is the youngest cell type in the granulocyte series, that can appear in the normal peripheral blood smear. Frequency: 0-1%

Eosinophilic granulocyte

The nucleus of an eosinophilic granulocyte is much less segmented than that of the neutrophilic, so an eosinophilic granulocyte has tipically two parts only. The granules are eosinophilic, and they fill in the whole area of cytoplasm in a mosaic like fashion. Frequency: 1-4%

Basophilic granulocyte

The border of nucleus and cytoplasm usually cannot be clearly seen in a basophilic granulocyte, because of the numerous coarse, strongly basophilic granules. These are present not only in the cytoplasm, but also above the nucleus as well. Frequency: 0-1%

Lymphocyte

The lymphocyte is a round cell about the size of an RBC, with a round nucleus and very little of cytoplasm. Frequency: 20-40%

Monocyte

The monocyte is a cell with grey-blue cytoplasm, somewhat larger than a granulocyte. The nucleus frequently does not flatten out and may bend over itself in the smear. Frequency: 2-6%.

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László L. Tornóci
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